Tag Archives: parenting an autistic child

The Search

One of the things I realized early on in my search to help our daughter was, there are a number of people who believe they know what causes autism and many more who believe they can cure it.  There is also a tremendous amount of money to be made from desperate parents, like myself.   I cannot tell you how often I took Emma to an alternative “healer” who claimed, if I just kept going and paying them their enormous fee, Emma would be cured.  I do not believe these people meant to deceive, I think they really have convinced themselves their method will cure a child and if it does not, it is because we didn’t give it enough time.

In many ways Bruno Bettelheim’s refrigerator mom is alive and well even if it has taken on a new twist in today’s world.  While no one came right out and said – You are to blame for her autism (and to blame if whatever method they were pushing didn’t cure her) – it was inferred by the questions they asked.  What follows is a sampling of a few of the questions I have been asked over the years.

Did you drink caffeine during your pregnancy?

No.

Did you or do you drink alcohol?

No.

Did you take any sort of medication during your pregnancy or labor?

No.

None?

No.

What about aspirin?

No.

Did you sun bathe?

No.

Did you have an epidural during labor?

No.  No drugs, natural childbirth.

How long did you breast feed?

9 months.

Just nine months?

Yes.  Emma didn’t want to breast feed, she weaned herself.  I wasn’t going to force her to breast feed when it clearly distressed her.

Ahhh…  Did you eat fish?

A couple of times.

What kind?

Grilled swordfish.  I didn’t know about the mercury levels in fish when I was pregnant with Emma.  It was only a few times when we were in Cape Cod.

Uh-huh…

There it was, finally, the answer they were waiting for.  Depending on the practitioner, the questions changed and as a result, my answers, but there always came a point when I gave the “wrong” answer. It always ended the same way with the same look – eyes downcast, a slight sad shake of the head.  I came away from these ‘interviews’ feeling angry, but I also wondered if there was any truth to it.   Maybe the two times I ate grilled swordfish while we were in Cape Cod, really was enough to cause her autism…  I think as a mother, it is second nature to wonder if something one did during pregnancy horribly effected the baby.  To this day I feel tremendous guilt for having unwittingly eaten swordfish during my pregnancy with Emma.  I honestly did not know how toxic our oceans had become.

I have become particularly wary of those who are adamant autism is caused by any one thing.  My guess is, it’s multi-causal, but who knows?  I am also wary of those who speak with absolute assurance they know how to “cure” autism with diets, behavioral therapies and alternative remedies.  Autism is a neurological disorder and while all of these things may play prominent roles in children getting better, I have yet to meet a child who has been cured, in fact, I have yet to meet anyone who has met a child who has been cured.

Mother’s Day

Every year when Mother’s Day rolls around I think about buying a trophy for Ariane. But if you’ve ever seen the kind of “World’s Best Mom” statuettes they sell in gift shops, you’ll understand how easy it becomes to resist that impulse. To do full justice in honoring her ceaseless sacrifices, her boundless commitment, and her indomitable courage in the face of repeated heartbreak, I’d have to commission a giant gold statue of her in full Viking Goddess mode, hair blowing in the wind, fist outstretched in an upward and onward call to arms as she stands atop a mountain of diapers, empty vanilla milk cartons and pancake batter, Emma perched on her shoulder with her thumb in her mouth, her other hand clutching her blanket Cokie as it flutters behind them like a triumphant flag.

Maybe next year. God knows she deserves it.

It’s hard being a mom. It’s hard being a mom for a normally developing child. Harder still raising two normally developing children, which is what we both thought we were doing in Emma’s first year of life. She logged in countless hours in countless playgrounds, bookstores, zoos and museums – with more than a gazillion trips to the Museum of Natural History alone — which Emma still calls the Snakebite Museum because she obsessively goes up to the third floor on each visit to see the diorama of a boy laying on the ground that’s been bitten by a snake.

And it’s hard…really, really hard…to be the mom of an autistic child. It’s hard being the dad of an autistic child too, but not as hard as it is for Ariane. For one thing, Emma can only bond physically with one person in the world, and that’s mommy. She might sit next to me, or lay in bed next to me, but we can’t cuddle. She likes to stroke my arm and she really likes to slap it. But I cannot hug her for more than a few seconds, I cannot hold her in my arms, I cannot sit with her in my lap in the rocking chair, not for long anyway.

She is not daddy’s little girl. She is mommy’s little girl. And along with the joys of that affection comes a world of responsibilities that are extremely difficult to bear when they rest on one person’s shoulders. Only mommy can comfort Emma when she stubs her toe, or gets a cut. Only mommy can hold her and say, “It’s okay.” I cannot count how many times I’ve run to Emma’s assistance when I’ve heard her screaming, only to have her run right past me and into mommy’s arms. And when Ariane is out of the house and she injures herself, there isn’t much I can do but try and calm her while I get a bandaid.

This next part is difficult to talk about, but I think it needs to be said in order to fully appreciate what this has been like for Ariane. Emma has only been able to poop in the toilet by herself for the last year. She has had chronic constipation we have tried everything to relieve for as long as I can remember. Ariane, being the only one who could really hold her, had to hold her on the potty while Emma screamed in agony, trying to relieve herself. This could go on for more than an hour. Every day. For years. Think about it. Now add to this the fact that Emma screams louder than a jet plane on takeoff. Nuff said.

Mothers of autistic children have to cope with another burden that never seems to fully go away, not that I’ve seen anyway. Guilt. Ariane is not alone in this respect, every mother of an autistic child that I’ve ever spoken to about this has said pretty much the same things: “I shouldn’t have eaten so much fish when I was pregnant. Or exercised. Or done those leg lifts the midwife told me to do because they said she was breached – and she wasn’t. I shouldn’t have gone down to the World Trade Center after they blew it up and all that smoke was in the air. I was too old to have another child. That’s what did it. That’s what made her this way.”

I’ve never heard the father of an autistic child wring his hands over his role in ‘causing’ their child’s autism, even though some studies have said that one possible factor in the disease is the age of the father, not the mother. But the mother bears the child and that seems to lead to countless recriminations and self-blame that doesn’t even end after the child is born. “I shouldn’t have given her that MMR vaccine. I shouldn’t have given her any vaccines.” And so on.

I once said to Ariane, “If you were talking to another mom with an autistic child, would you blame her? Would you tell her it was all her fault?”

Of course not. But I wonder how much these thoughts have faded even after all this time.

As soon as we got the diagnosis, Ariane must have read every book on the subject. While I consider myself to be a pretty good dad, equally concerned and committed to healing our daughter, I have still never read a single book on the topic, not cover to cover. Maybe I’m just being a guy, but my initial response was to Google everything I could discover about possible causes and treatments in the most concise descriptions possible. I couldn’t take the pain of all those details, of all those suffering voices. “Bottom line it for me.”

Ariane tried every possible treatment she had heard about on the internet – from other mothers, of course. She has documented many of these efforts on these pages. For example, she mentioned here that she once baked a casein-free/gluten-free cake for Emma’s birthday that took her hours and hours to make. No flour, no yeast, no dairy, no sugar. I couldn’t believe how good it tasted. “What’s in here, fairy dust?” I asked, reaching for a second slice.

Emma never took a single bite of it. That trophy I was talking about should have been awarded for this feat alone. I might have to commission one after all.

Happy Mother’s Day Ariane. I love you. Nic loves you. Emma loves you.

You are amazing.

Tests

We took Emma and Nic to a center specializing in hearing tests.  The tests for Emma came back negative for hearing loss, though the center did recommend hearing therapy for Nic.  Nic was sensitive to loud high pitched noises, like the fire truck’s sirens from the fire house across the street from where we lived.   He would run away from the sound covering his ears and crying.  Emma didn’t seem bothered by noise, in fact, Emma seemed to enjoy noisy situations, loved parties, the more, the merrier, it seemed.  Up until we received the results from the hearing tests I convinced myself this was the crux of the problem.  I remember telling my mother about a book I’d read regarding hearing loss and how it can lead to a variety of behavioral problems.  Surely this was what ailed Emma.

When the hearing tests came back negative, I had to modify my thinking.  Okay so her hearing was fine, this was good news, right?    It didn’t feel like good news.

We set up an evaluation through Visiting Nurse Service of New York.  VSNY is a not-for-profit organization providing health care in New York City.   There were pages of paperwork to be filled out prior to the evaluation.

Some of the questions were:

Does your child look at or turn to sounds?

YES!

Does your child respond to favorite people, making happy sounds or smiling?

YES!  She’s very happy with a jubilant, infectious laugh.

Does your child imitate you when playing a game, such as peek-a-boo?

YES! Another bull’s eye.  Maybe things were going to be fine after all.

Does your child engage in “make-believe”, such as playing with a doll or truck or playing house?

Okay, no, but she’s not interested in dolls, she’s more of a tom-boy.  She likes to run around and be outside.

Does your child indicate when she wants something?

Well no, but Emma never seems to want anything – so it’s not applicable – right?

Does your child interact with peers?

No.

Does your child use one or more words to ask for what he/she wants?

She did… sometimes, okay, not often.  She said “chase me” when she was about 16 months old, but as her language regressed, “chase me” went the way of all the other phrases – into the great abyss.

Does your child look up when you call to him/her?

Well, no.

And so it went.  Each question – like a nail being pounded into a plank – shutting out the possibility she was going through some sort of freakish delay which would right itself if left alone and not questioned.

For more information on Visiting Nurse Service go to:  www.vnsny.org

For more information on Emma’s evaluation see earlier posts:  The Beginning  and Hug Witness.

Emma At Ten Months Old

I sat in the pediatrician’s office with Emma squirming on my lap.  “She’s not really talking.  I mean she says words grouped together, but not single words.”

“Like what?” the pediatrician asked.

“Ba-bye, Da-da, Ah-done… things like that.”

“Smart kid,” the pediatrician said, checking Emma’s reflexes.

“So there’s nothing to worry about?” I asked.

“She looks great,” the pediatrician laughed, as Emma scooted across the room one leg jutted out in a crab-like crawl.

Thirteen Months

“So I shouldn’t worry, right?” I asked the young master’s degree student, studying speech therapy, who was Nic’s ‘teacher’ at his pre-school.

She nodded, “Some kids, especially the ones who are more athletic often have delayed speech.”  She looked at me with a smile.  “And her brother is pretty precocious, sometimes their younger siblings are slow to speak.  I’m sure it’ll come in time.”

I was turning into one of those neurotic New York moms.  It was classic.  I needed to stop worrying, Emma was fine, I told myself as Nic and I walked home from his pre-school.

Twenty-two Months

“Do you think she might have a hearing problem?” I asked my girl friend.

“But she looked up when that siren went by,” she reasoned.

“Yeah, I know,” I said, watching Emma push an empty swing.  “Watch this.  Hey Emma!” I called out.

No response.

Louder, “Hey Emma!”

Nothing.

Now shouting, “Emma!  Emma!  Look at Mommy!”

But Emma continued to play with the empty swing.

“Okay, but half the time my kids don’t look at me when I call them either.  Kids do that,” my friend said.  “Don’t they?”  She looked at me with half a smile.   “Anyway who wouldn’t be mesmerized by that swing?” she added, putting her arm around me and giving me a squeeze.

Thrity-One Months

“When was the last time you heard Emma say, Chase me?” Richard asked.

I thought for a few seconds.  “When was the last time you heard Emma say anything?” I asked in answer.

This was the conversation that poked the final hole in my bubble of denial.   It was August and we had rented a house in Cape Cod.   I remember standing in the living room, looking outside, watching the children.  Nic and Emma were on the porch in their ‘swimming pool’ a make-shift plastic tub we’d filled with water.

The mask I had so meticulously constructed for myself and my family fell away revealing something I couldn’t identify and could not understand.  I remember telling myself to breathe through the rising panic that threatened to consume me.   And then I remember feeling the feeling that I would feel many times in the ensuing years.  Failure.  Something was terribly wrong with my child and I had failed to see it, failed to do something about it.

As often happens when I feel overwhelmed, I began to make a mental list of actions I would take the instant we returned to New York.    The first two items on my list were:  get a hearing test done and get an evaluation.

A Tribute To Stanley Greenspan

We first heard of Dr. Stanley Greenspan and his work through another parent who had seen some success using his DIR/floortime methodology with their autistic child.  I read his book:  The Child With Special Needs, which led to our appointment for a floortime training session with Emma.  We drove to Bethesda, checked into the hotel, took Emma swimming and hoped we might all get a good night’s sleep for what we guessed would be an exhausting day.  In preparation for the meeting, Richard and I watched some of Stanley’s training videos.  We felt we had a vague idea of what was expected of us.  Whether we would be able to engage and interact with Emma in the DIR way or not, we were not so sure.

So it was with some trepidation that we were ushered into Stanley’s office – a small dingy room with some toys, a few broken, Stanley’s desk and piles of papers and books.  Stanley asked us a number of questions, all the while watching Emma intently.  “Okay.  Mom, why don’t we start with you?” He said, still watching Emma.

“Hey Emma!” I said, huge smile, high affect.  “What should we play with?!”

Emma ignored me and wandered over to the couch where Richard was sitting.  I ran over to her, tried again to engage her, “What do you want to do?  Do you want to play with this,” I asked, thrusting an armless doll at her.

The office was hot. I could feel perspiration beading on my upper lip.  After about twenty minutes Stanley said, “Okay Mom.  That’s fine.  Now I need you to take that energy and up it by about 100%.

“You’ve got to be kidding!” I exclaimed.

Stanley smiled at me,  “You have a nice connection with her. “

As he spoke, Emma was busy trying to open the door to leave the office.  I tried to pull her away.  “No, no Emmy, we can’t leave yet, “ I said.

Emma resisted me and continued to turn the door’s handle.

“Em, it’s not time to go yet.  We have to stay here,” I said, pulling on her arm to come with me.

“Block her!  What will she do if you put yourself in the way?” Stanley asked.

I wedged my body between the door and Emma.

Emma tried to reach around me.

“What do you want me to do?” I asked.

Emma tried to push me out of her way.

“Oh!  You want me to move?”

“Don’t make it so easy for her.  Make her tell you what she wants!” Stanley coached.

“Emma, what do you want?” I asked, sure that this was leading to a melt down.

“Open it!” Emma said.

Richard and I gasped.  WOW!  We hadn’t heard Emma say that since she was 13 months old.

Stanley was brilliant.  Keenly observant, unfailing in his critique, he encouraged us to follow Emma into her world.  To interact with her, “playfully obstruct”, “entice her”, were a few of the things he encouraged us to do.  “The worst thing you can do is nothing at all,” he said, as our session came to a close.

When we returned home his insight and words stayed with us. We enrolled Emma in the Rebecca School in New York, which uses the Greenspan DIR approach. It is the only school in New York City using this model.  Richard and I undertook additional floortime training sessions at the Rebecca school and hired their DIR training specialist to work with us at home.  Alex trained Emma’s therapist, Joe as well.  Hence the “Zen Master of DIR” label in the last post.

Dr. Greenspan had a consulting relationship with the Rebecca School and we were privileged to have two sessions with him over the last three years. The entire school faculty was in attendance and Stanley was conferenced in by telephone. Richard and I began each session by updating everyone on Emma’s home life, her progress and problems and our questions on what we could do to help her.  This was followed by her teachers’ review of how Emma was doing at school. Whenever they addressed an area of difficulty, such as Emma’s self-injurious behaviors like biting herself, instead of giving his recommendations immediately, he asked the faculty for their ideas. He listened patiently and then offered his own suggestions, which were always so intelligent and insightful that Richard and I would look at each other with an expression of awe – and gratitude.

Dr. Stanley Greenspan’s ideas and methodology changed everything for us.  His belief in the intelligence and abilities of each and every child were a profound change from the kind of rote “training” we had heard and received in the past. To say that his presence and guidance in our lives will be missed is a vast understatement. It is a great loss for us and for all the parents and children who will never have the opportunity to experience his keen analysis and problem solving ability on an individual basis.  Yet his legacy will live on through his books and videotapes, his DIR Support Services under the brilliant stewardship of his son Jake, a floortime genius in his own right – and with schools like Rebecca School, which have adopted his teachings as their principle therapeutic model, helping countless autistic children and their families like ours move forward one day at a time.

For more information on Stanley Greenspan and his work with Autism read:  Engaging Autism & The Child With Special Needs and go to his web site:  www.stanleygreenspan.com

The Playground

I use to take the children to a number of playgrounds in the city when they were young.  We went to Union Square Park (before the renovation), Washington Square Park, Seal Park which is way over on 10th Avenue between 22nd & 21st Streets, Madison Square Park and Triangle park (a little playground nestled in the triangle created by Hudson becoming 8th Avenue.  There were others, but these were the ones we went to more often than not.  Washington Square was a particular favorite because of the large sand box and there was a smaller playground close by for younger children, where we would stop, on our way home.  In addition there was the huge water fountain in the center of the square and when the weather was very hot, the children loved to splash around in it.

One summer day while at the playground in Washington Square, Nic was playing in the sand box with his trucks and Emma wanted to swing.  Typically there were lengthy lines for the swings, particularly in the mid morning and mid afternoon.  I learned to repeatedly remind Emma she would have to wait for the swing, something she seemed increasingly unable to do.  More and more frequently I would have to pull her from the ground where she had crumpled in a sobbing heap and strap her into her stroller kicking and screaming to leave the playground with Nic, reduced to tears, in tow because she refused to wait in the line.  Anyone who has spent time with small children in a playground knows cutting in line for the swings is tantamount to declaring war on the other parents and children.

On this particular day we were waiting I counted each time a child vacated a swing.  “Okay, Emma, five more children ahead of us.  Remember we have to wait.  Let’s count. “  And then I would count while Emma stared fixedly ahead.  Eventually when it was Emma’s turn she leaped onto the swing and waved me away so that I couldn’t push her.  I stepped back, wondering what she would do.  Then with her feet scuffing the ground she pushed off and began to pump her legs.  It was amazing to watch such a little girl able to swing herself.  A small crowd of moms and caregivers gathered around, watching.  One of them asked, “How old is she?”

“Eighteen months,” I replied, as Emma soared high in the air and back down again.

Much later I learned many autistic children have what are termed splinter talents.  Things they are good at, though they remain delayed in most other things.  Emma has always been coordinated even though she began walking late – at fourteen months – and needs more time than a normally developing child to learn things.

But on that warm summer day, Emma found something she was able to do, and do really well.

Misconceptions Regarding Autism

Denis Leary made a stir in 2008 when he made public his belief that autism was caused by “inattentive moms and competitive dads”.  His comments echoed Bruno Bettelheim, who in the 1950’s posited autism was caused by emotionally distant mothers whom he referred to as “refrigerator moms”.   While Bettelheim’s theories were largely rejected in the 1960’s, there remains confusion by many people when confronted with an autistic child.   My guess is many people believe autism is a psychological problem as opposed to neurological.  As my mother so beautifully wrote in her post From Emma’s Granma autism is largely invisible.  Because of this, people often assume the child is behaving badly because they are spoiled and the parents are unaware or worse, condone the bad behavior.

Several years ago, Joe, Emma’s therapist, was with Emma in the park when she fell to the ground screaming she wanted to ride the carousel one more time.  Joe, knowing Emma needed to be back home, told her it was time to go.  Emma refused and sat in the mud in her pretty dress crying and screaming.  A group of women stood nearby, watching with looks of shock and concern.

Emma continued in full melt down mode repeating over and over again, “I want to ride on the carousel!”

One of the women asked Emma if she was okay.  When Emma didn’t respond, Joe tried to physically pick her up, thinking she might calm down once he was holding her.

Another woman in the group yelled at Joe, “Don’t touch her!”

“You have no idea what’s going on here,” Joe said, trying desperately to get Emma to cooperate.

“I’m calling the police,” the woman said, pulling out her phone.

Figuring there was nothing he could say or do to make the women understand, he finally was able to pick Emma up and carry her out of the park.

The group of women followed Joe for the next ten to fifteen minutes.  At which point Emma was calmer and Joe was able to get her into the subway and home.

When Joe arrived back at the house, he was visibly shaken.

All of us who have spent time with Emma over the years have experienced versions of Joe’s experience.  I remember being in a playground in Central Park with Emma one weekend.  It was crowded and Emma was having a tough time waiting for her turn on the swing.  Each time one became empty she rushed forward, trying to grab it.  I ran after her, explaining that it wasn’t her turn yet.  Finally one of the father’s of another child turned to me and said, “Hey!  Can’t you control your kid?”

“She’s autistic”, I said.

Before I could explain further he interrupted me and said, “Yeah?  Well my kid likes to paint too.  Who cares?!”

Confused, I said nothing, but as I led Emma back to her place in line I realized he had misunderstood me and thought I’d said, “artistic”.

It became a running joke at our house whenever any of us didn’t want to do something we’d say, “Hey, I’m artistic.”

Food

As Emma began to regress, starting at around 13 months old, it was not just what I believed to be typically “autistic” behaviors – lack of eye contact, delayed speech, obsessive-compulsive behavior, rigidity – that regressed, but things I didn’t expect, such as the restriction of  foods.  Slowly, just as her speech began to disappear, so did her ability to try new foods and after a few years, a paring down of foods that were a staple to her diet fell away as well.

The following is a list of the foods Emma will eat.  Anything else she refuses.

Cheerios

Mango Fruit Leathers

Red Grapes

Bananas

Apples

Wheat toast with Organic Raspberry Jam (must be the red labeled wheat toast from Whole Foods & The Organic Raspberry Jam from Whole Foods)

Horizon Vanilla Milk – occasionally she will drink the Horizon Chocolate Milk

Stonyfield Chocolate Yogurt (She use to eat the caramel yogurt as well, but they discontinued it.)

Motts Apple Juice (this was an issue in Costa Rica as they had a different brand and she refused to drink it, though eventually did, cut with water)

Pirate Booty

Baby Bel Cheese

Grated Cheddar Cheese – must be orange

Pancakes

Maple Syrup

Chips Ahoy (she will not eat any other kind of cookie)

As a baby Emma was a healthy eater and tried just about anything I put in front of her.  At 9 months she ate a mushroom-barley soup I made.  I recorded this milestone in her baby book.

Many people believe that autistic children are unable to process gluten and dairy, others believe that their child has food intolerances which adversely effect their behavior and some believe that a gluten free/casein free diet has cured their child of autism.  While I have never met a cured autistic child or personally know anyone who has, I do know of one child who clearly functions better without dairy in their diet and a number of autistic children who are allergic to a variety of foods.

In October of 2004, we began working with a DAN (acronym for Defeat Autism Now) doctor who was also a pediatric nutritionist/allergist.  We removed all dairy and wheat from Emma’s diet.  At that point she was eating a limited, but varied amount of foods such as scrambled eggs with cheese, a wide variety of fruits, all flavors of yogurt, ham, turkey, chicken, dried fruits, carrots, etc.  In retrospect her diet seemed limitless in comparison to what she whittled it down to.

Once on the gluten free/casein free diet she refused to eat any new foods to substitute for the old.  I stayed up, often until after midnight, baking wheat-free breads made from rice flour, almond flour, and almond butter.  I found web sites that specialized in casein free/gluten free products and recipes.  I developed a way to make my own organic pureed fruit leathers, which I spread onto baking sheets and dried in a low heated oven for 10 hours or over night.  To celebrate her third birthday I made an entire menu of gluten free/casein free foods.  Emma would not touch any of it.  Even refusing the birthday cake I made, which everyone else seemed to like, including Nic.  Though he confided in me later that he didn’t like it as much as a ‘normal’ cake, but didn’t want to hurt my feelings.

After three and a half months and no change in her behavior, other than a 10% loss of body weight, we took her off the diet and slowly introduced her old foods that she once loved.  Only now she refused to eat most of the old “fail-proof” foods too.  It was as though she never liked them to begin with.  The DAN doctor advised us to introduce one food we knew she liked – we chose cheddar cheese – and to give her a great deal of it and then wait to see if we saw a discernable change.  I gave her several ounces of cheese, which she ate and then waited to see what would happen.  After several days and no change, the nutritionist advised us to introduce yet another food.  We repeated this exercise over and over again.

Occasionally now Emma will take a ‘bite’ of some other food – say grilled chicken – with great reluctance and protest.  I remember a friend telling me about her sister who refused to eat any foods that were not “white”.  I was horrified by the story and remember thinking I would never have a child like that, as I prided myself in being an excellent cook and would never tolerate that sort of “behavior.”  I have since come around to the pick-your-battles way of thinking.  The food battle is one I am just not willing to engage in any longer.

Late at night when I am caught in a cycle of worries, I console myself with the idea that there are certain indigenous populations that survive quite well on extremely limited foods, such as a group of Eskimos who survive on whale blubber and little else.  For now that consolation will have to do.

From Emma’s Granma

“I have four grandchildren, and the youngest is Emma.  She is a beautiful blond with blue eyes and a sparkling smile, she skis like a pro, she swims, she climbs the climbing wall at the rec center, she balances on the back of the sofa (while her granma shudders in fear that she might fall), she sings with near perfect pitch, and she is autistic.  When I was growing up such children would have been hidden away.  Anyone who encountered them would have avoided them, other children would have teased them, or worse still, abused them.

My husband spent the last ten years of his life in a wheelchair.  He told me that in social gatherings people avoided him because they didn’t know what to say to someone who was so obviously disabled.  Today men and women in wheelchairs compete at the Olympics.  They race on prosthetic limbs, those who are blind ski with Challenge Aspen.  I have a friend, one of the founders of Challenge Aspen, who skis in a specially designed chair.  She tells me that she skis better now in that chair than she did eighteen years ago when she had full use of her limbs.

Scientific research, skilled therapists and loving families have helped all these people achieve a potential that would have been denied them eighty years ago when I was born. These people are actually lucky because their disabilities are visible, and so scientists and skilled therapists have been funded with the means to investigate all avenues that might lead to improving their lives.

Autism is not visible, but inside of Emma there is also a person yearning to be understood, to be able to communicate, to tell us of her fears, her frustrations, her desires.  She too wants to be  treated with understanding and compassion.

In the family room we have a stage with a curtain.  Emma loves to draw back the curtain and sing and, as her father says, strut her stuff as if to an enormous audience.  One day she too will reach her potential.  One day she will step down from that stage, her inner person will emerge, and she will still sing like an angel, but also she will speak with clarity, she will laugh with us, play games with other children and be able to step off into the future with confidence.

Such is our hope.

But even if none of that turns out exactly as we might wish, one thing is certain, wherever she goes, however she behaves, she will walk in beauty, surrounded with love.”

To see a survey that my mother participated in on the effects of autistic grandchildren and their grandparents, go to:  http://www.iancommunity.org/cs/ian_research_reports/ian_research_report_apr_2010

The Big Piano

I was just reading Ariane’s post about the toy store and it made me think of some of my own experiences. When we go to the big Toys R Us store in Times Square it’s the same deal — she can walk by aisles of Barbie dolls and Dora the Explorer toys without even a glance at anything. Instead she’ll head straight to the big ferris wheel.

FAO Schwarz is one of her favorite (and compulsive) stops on any trip to Central Park.

“Go to carousel. Go to zoo. Go to FOShwarz. Go to Apple store. Take the train, go home,” she’ll say on our way out the door on a Sunday afternoon, reciting her agenda and expectations for the day. At FAO she will immediately head to the hackysack kiosk, not to play with anything or watch the other kids playing, but to watch herself in the video monitor.

From there we head upstairs to the big piano and she’ll easily spend an hour running back and forth across the keys. Occasionally she’ll look at a train set afterward, if she can control the button that makes it stop and start.

We passed a toy counter filled with stuffed Sesame Street characters and I tried to engage her interest.

“Who is this Emma?”
“Cookie monster.”
“And who is this?”
“Big Bird.”

She had no interest in any of it but at least she answered the questions. And so it goes. The one exception:

Sometimes when we pass the section with the frilly princess dresses, she will stop and hold one up and say, “Pretty dress.”

And if it’s really pretty, she might add, “Get it daddy.”

Toys

When Nic was a toddler, I would frequently take him to our favorite local toy store, Kidding Around, where he would play with the elaborate train set, Tina, the owner, had in the back of the store.  Very popular with the four and under crowd, particularly in the afternoons, we would go in the morning and often, Nic would have the train set all to himself.  Each day of our visit when Nic was just beginning to talk, he would point to something as we were leaving, “That!” he would say, which meant he wanted to take it home with him.

When Emma was about the same age, I took her to Kidding Around, but nothing caught her attention.  I tried to entice her, “Look Emma!  What a pretty doll!  Do you like it?”

She ignored me and wandered off.

Undeterred I went over to the two wooden tree stands filled with large plush hand puppets.  They were lovely and soft, in bright colors and came in a variety of different species, toucans, leopards, dogs cats, horses, as well as mythical creatures and monsters – a favorite of Nic’s.

I thrust my hand in one, a beautiful white unicorn with flowing mane and purple horn, “Emma!  Look!  I’m a unicorn,” I said, in what I imagined a unicorn’s voice would sound like if they existed and could talk.

Emma showed no interest.

The one toy Emma was attracted to was the miniature doll’s stroller, which came in pink and blue.  I placed a baby doll in one of them when I saw her looking at it.  “Look Emmy it’s for the baby doll,” I said.

Emma pulled the baby doll out of the stroller and proceeded to try and sit in it herself.  Terrified that she would break it, I said, “No Emmy!  That’s not for you!  It’s for the baby doll.  You’re too big for this stroller.” Again I placed the doll into the stroller.

Emma threw the doll onto the floor, took hold of the doll’s stroller and careened around the store, heading toward the door.  I chased after her and herded her back inside, admonishing her that she couldn’t go out into the street.  Each time we returned to Kidding Around, out the door she would tear, steering the doll’s stroller around, and a few times into people who were in her path.  It got so that I would block the front door while Nic played in the back, every now and again his little voice calling out, “Mommy!  Emmy’s taken the stroller again!”  I would position myself in front of the only exit, while she would try to maneuver around me, fixated on getting that stroller and herself outside.

“She just doesn’t like toys,” I reported to Richard that evening.  “My sister never played with dolls,” I said when he didn’t say anything.  “Emma’s athletic, just like my sister,” I finished, unsure of why I suddenly felt so defensive.

Talent Show

I was listening to Emma and Lee singing ‘Que Sera, Sera’ after Ariane posted it and was moved to tears as I always am when I hear how heartbreakingly pure and sincere her voice is. It is so sweet that I can’t think of any word to describe it other than angelic.

I first played her ‘Que Sera Sera’ on You Tube about two years ago after hearing a slow and somewhat melancholy version of the song in a Francis Ford Coppola film. I’ve always loved this song, even in the brighter Doris Day version, which Emma prefers, though the way she sings it brings out the poignancy of the lyrics and melody in a way Doris could never even dream of.

Emma has near-perfect pitch and a set of lungs an opera diva would envy. But so much more powerful and affecting than those qualities is the sheer sweetness of her voice, like everything that was good and kind and happy and wonderful in the world was distilled in a golden elixir that pours out whenever she sings that song.

Most of the time, her singing is loud and raucous, though no less heartfelt and touching in its own way, at least to my ears. Emma loves to perform, though there isn’t any trace of ego in her desire to strut her stuff. I guess that’s part of her condition to some extent, a reduced sense of self.

Last night before bedtime she said, “Talent show?” very loudly while I was playing chess with Nic.

“Sure Emma, we’d love a talent show,” I replied, smiling at Nic who smiled back with a “here we go again” sigh and headshake that seemed to sum up all his conflicting feelings – amusement, love, frustration, exhaustion, mild embarrassment. There was no one else in the house, so I’m not sure he felt any embarrassment, other than perhaps a conditioned response to similar, more public displays.

Myself, I was very much looking forward to the show, which turned out to be a medley of Carole King songs for children, culminating in ‘Chicken Soup with Rice’, which she belted out like a Broadway veteran. She always goes for the big finish and this particular song jumps up an octave or two at the end. She totally nailed it. Nic and I laughed and I applauded as loudly as she sang.

People often ask me whether Emma has any special talents. When anyone asks a question like that I figure they’ve been watching “Rain Man” and want to know if she has any savant abilities. I usually say that those types of abilities are associated with what has traditionally been called Asperger’s Syndrome – though I recently read that the medical community wants to abolish that term and use ‘Autistic Spectrum Disorder’ for everyone.

After that disclaimer, I will typically add that she does have an incredible memory and will mention things that happened to her when she was two or three years old. She can also remember very specific catalogues of objects, particularly photos. She really likes photos and home movies – I think they help her talk about and identify people, things and activities she enjoys. She has a shoe box with 100 or more photos inside and she will know instantly if one is missing, setting off a frantic household hunt for the lost picture in order to stave off a total meltdown or some self-injurious behavior, like biting her arm as hard as she can.

She is also extremely advanced in a wide variety of physical activities: skiing, climbing, balancing, jumping, swimming.
And of course, she loves to sing and dance.

There was an award-winning documentary that came out a while back called ‘Autism: The Musical’. It was a very inspiring movie and we thought this might be something Emma would enjoy given her showbiz leanings. When they started a program called ‘The Miracle Project’, based on this concept at her special ed school, we enrolled her and are very excited to see what might come out of it.

Every year at her school they have a talent show and every year, Emma has been the star of the show, soloing in ‘A Spoonful of Sugar’ from Mary Poppins in her debut performance.  Since then she has referred to any of her singing performances as a talent show, which I love. I bought her a number of karaoke video games with microphones but she has been much more enthusiastic about singing along from memory to a DVD or You Tube clip. She has quite an impressive set list for her concerts now, which routinely take place at birthday parties or dinner parties (which are also birthday parties as far as she’s concerned), or whenever the mood strikes her. An audience of one or two is enough, though like most performers she likes to play a full house.

I’ve always thought that she’s a total rock star and someday she’ll be cranking it up on a big stage – leaving our ‘dinner theater’ circuit far behind. Time will tell. For now, I revel in her impromptu serenades and every time she says, “Talent Show?!” my heart skips a beat in happy anticipation.

The Birth

(I wrote this yesterday at exactly the same time Richard was making his first entry on this blog.  Soon we will be finishing each other’s sentences..)

“Is she okay?” I asked the mid-wife about a half an hour after Emma was born.

“She’s fine, probably isn’t hungry yet,” the mid-wife responded.

Something about the way Emma seemed to brace herself against my touch, her seeming discomfort with the air in the room, as though it scraped against her skin and somewhere deep down, I felt the beginning of a worry, a tiny twist in my gut.

Emma is our second child.  Nic, her older brother by 21 months, had immediately begun nursing after I gave birth to him.  There was a bond from the instant he left my body, a connection that no cutting of the umbilical cord could sever.

When Emma finally appeared after 19 plus hours of labor she squinted at the lights in the birthing room, seemed to push away from contact with my body, she had no interest in breast feeding, she cried and nothing I did soothed her, it was as though an invisible scrim had unfurled, keeping us apart.  I shrugged the feeling off and reveled in her.

Eventually Emma became hungry enough that she breast fed, but never with any enthusiasm.  Emma did not seem to take solace in breast-feeding or receive any comfort from it.  It was fuel and that was it.  With Nic I use to joke that breast-feeding was kiddy Valium.

When Nic was an infant we bundled him up in a sling and took him with us to a dance performance at the Joyce Theatre.  The couple to my left audibly groaned when we took our seats next to them.  About twenty minutes into the performance, Nic stirred.  I began breast-feeding him.  Immediately he fell asleep.  As we were leaving the couple to my left said, “What’s your secret?  We never heard him make a sound!”  “Breasts,” Richard replied and the other man nodded his head smiling.

With Emma I remember thinking that she was astonishingly independent, even as an infant, that she was following in the footsteps of countless generations of my ancestors; strong women who had blazed trails of their own making, ignoring society’s attempts to dissuade them.  Emma was the embodiment of generations of those women, I decided.

The Beginning (Cont’d)

Some of the books I read:

Let Me Hear Your Voice: A Family’s Triumph over Autism by Catherine Maurice

*Nobody, Nowhere by Donna Williams

*Emergence:  Labeled Autistic by Temple Grandin

*A Slant of Sun: One Child’s Courage by Beth Kephart

*An Anthropologist on Mars by Oliver Sacks

Maverick Mind by Cheri Florance

A Parent’s Guide to Autism: Answers to the Most Common Questions by Charles A. Hart

The World of the Autistic Child: Understanding and Treating Autistic Spectrum Disorders by Bryna Siegel

Handbook of autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders by Donald J. Cohen & Anne M. Donnellan, ed.

Biological Treatments for Autism and PDD by William Shaw, Bernard Rimland, Pamela Scott, Karyn Seroussi, Lisa Lewis & Bruce Semon

Special Diets for Special Kids by Lisa Lewis

*Sensory Integration and the Child by Jean Ayres

Teach Me Language: A language manual for children with autism, Asperger’s syndrome and related developmental disorders by Sabrina K. Freeman, Lorelei Dake & Isaac Tamir, illustrator

*Engaging Autism by Stanley Greenspan

*The Child with Special Needs by Stanley Greenspan

*Denotes books that were very helpful and continue to be

When I wasn’t reading books on autism and canvassing the internet reading the endless array of therapies being offered, each with it’s own little morsel of hope attached –  perhaps this will be the thing that she responds to – I was scheduling Emma’s early intervention therapists.  There were often 7 therapists in a single day, coming and going.

I look back on that period and wonder what it must have been like for Emma.  How odd it must have seemed to her, but she took it all in stride.  There were a few exceptions, the days when I would sit outside her bedroom door during her therapy, leaning my head against the wall listening to her scream as she tried to leave the room, but the therapist would patiently tell her she could not until they had finished and I would cry, fighting the urge to let her out – all that separated us was the four inch wall of her bedroom.  I remember feeling that everything I thought I knew as a mother – all my maternal instincts were useless.